Search results for "Ion Pumps"
showing 10 items of 11 documents
A novel technique for intraduodenal administration of drug suspensions/solutions with concurrent pH monitoring applied to ibuprofen formulations
2019
Characterization of dissolution of solid suspended drug particles in vivo is important for developing biopredictive in vitro tests. Therefore, methods to gain deeper insights into particle dissolution in vivo are needed. The soft Bioperm intubation method, a well established tool for investigation of permeability, absorption, metabolism, and drug interactions at predefined locations in the gastroinstinal tract, was modified. The novel intubation method involved pump-controlled infusion of pharmaceutical suspensions as well as simultaneous pH monitoring. This technique was used in a proof of concept study in healthy humans. Plasma sampling and non-compartmental analysis allowed comparison of…
Plasma PCSK9 is a late biomarker of severity in patients with severe trauma injury.
2013
PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9) is a secreted protease that modulates cholesterol homeostasis by decreasing low-density lipoprotein receptor expression. Low levels of plasma lipoproteins are related to severity of illness and survival in patients of intensive care units (ICU).The aim of the study was to investigate the regulation of plasma PCSK9 and its association with plasma lipid parameters and clinical markers of severity during critical illness.The plasma biobank from the previously published HYPOLYTE prospective study was used to measure PCSK9 concentrations by ELISA at days 0 and 8 in 111 patients admitted to surgical ICU for severe multiple trauma. Patients wer…
Glucose insulin potassium infusion improves systolic function in patients with chronic ischemic cardiomyopathy
2002
Objective: We assessed the effects of glucose–insulin–potassium (GIK) by echocardiography in stable patients with ischemic dysfunction. Methods: Twelve male patients with stable coronary disease (SCD) and ejection fraction (EF) <45% were studied for systolic function. GIK (glucose 30%, 300 insulin units and KCl 6 g/l) was infused at 1 ml/kg per h over 20 min. Hemodynamic and echocardiographic measurements were recorded at rest (T0), at the end (20 min) of GIK infusion (T + 20), 20 and 40 min after the end of the infusion (T + 40 and T + 60). Results: At T + 20, a significant decrease in WMSI (wall motion score index) was observed compared with T0 (2.16±0.14 vs. 2.30±0.16: P<0.05). An increa…
Pulsatile versus continuous oxytocin infusion for the oxytocin challenge test.
1994
In a prospective study, 140 patients had an oxytocin challenge test with either a continuous or a pulsed infusion (one minute of infusion in every five minutes). Both infusion regimens had similar success rates in terms of uterine contractions (97.1 vs 98.6%). The potency ratio (pulsed versus continuous infusion) was significant at 2.7 (1.27 to 5.2), which means that more uterine activity was induced with each mU of oxytocin with pulsatile than with continuous administration. The total amount of oxytocin required to obtain three good contractions in 10 minutes was about 40% less with pulsed administration than with continuous infusion, but the test took 40 minutes longer with the pulsed tha…
Cost analysis of target-controlled infusion-based anesthesia compared with standard anesthesia regimens.
2000
UNLABELLED With the development of new computer-assisted target-controlled infusion (TCI) systems and the availability of short-acting anesthetics, total IV anesthesia (TIVA) has become increasingly popular. The aim of this study was to compare costs of TCI-based anesthesia with two standard anesthesia regimens. Sixty patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly divided into three groups. Group 1 (TIVA/TCI) received TIVA using a propofol-based TCI system and continuous administration of remifentanil; Group 2 (isoflurane) underwent inhaled anesthesia with isoflurane, fentanyl, and N2O; Group 3 (standard propofol) received fentanyl and N2O and a continuous infusion …
A continuous infusion of a minor histocompatibility antigen-immunodominant peptide induces a delay of male skin graft rejection.
2009
Abstract We previously reported that an inhibition of antigen-specific Interferon-γ release and cytotoxicity occurs after a continuous infusion of an HY immunodominant peptide although this treatment is not able to cause a significant delay of male skin grafts rejection. In vivo administration of high doses of an HY peptide, through mini-osmotic pumps, in naive female mice was used to study the effects on the male skin grafts rejection. A continuous infusion of 1 mg of an HY peptide induces a significant delay of male skin graft rejection. In vitro HY-specific Interferon-γ release was inhibited adding peptide-specific suppressor cells: the ability to inhibit Interferon-γ release was evident…
Improved method for cannula fixation for long-term intracerebral brain infusion
2017
Abstract Background Implanted osmotic minipumps are commonly used for long-term, brain-targeted delivery of a wide range of experimental agents by being connected to a catheter and a cannula. During the stereotactical surgery procedure, the cannula has to be placed correctly in the x-y directions and also with respect to the injection point in the z-direction (deepness). However, the flat fixation base of available cannula holders doesn’t allow an easy, secure fixation onto the curve-shaped skull. New method We have developed a modified method for a better fixation of the cannula holder by using an easy-to-produce, skull-shaped silicone spacer as fixation adapter. Results We describe the ap…
Continuous intra-amygdalar infusion of GABA in the amygdala kindling model of epilepsy in rat.
2003
Objective: To explore the effect of continuous intra-amygdalar infusion of GABA in the amygdala kindling model of epilepsy in rat. Methods: An electrode and cannula complex was implanted in adult male Wistar rats, the electrode being targeted to the left basolateral amygdala. The animals were subjected to a standard kindling procedure. Osmotic minipumps filled with either GABA or mannitol were connected to cannulas and allowed to infuse during 7 days. Kindling experiments measuring after-discharge and seizure thresholds, seizure severity and duration, and behavioral toxicity were performed before, during and after the drug infusion period. Results: Both after-discharge and seizure threshold…
Blood Infusion and the Risk of Haemorrhage in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery with Extracorporeal Circulation.
2016
Purpose: Patients undergoing cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation (ECC) frequently present haemorrhages as a complication associated with high morbidity and mortality. One of the factors that influences this risk is the volume of blood infused during surgery. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal volume of autologous blood that can be processed during cardiac surgery with ECC. We also determined the number of salvaged red blood cells to be reinfused into the patient in order to minimize the risk of haemorrhage in the postoperative period. Methods: This was an observational retrospective cross-sectional study performed in 162 ECC cardiac surgery patients. Data r…
The cost of an action potential.
2000
Neuronal modules, or 'cell-assemblies', comprising millions of mutually interconnected cells have been postulated to form the basis of many functions of the brain, such as mood, sleep, hunger, vigilance, and more. Depending on the extent of the module, neurocommunication in cell-assemblies might exceed metabolic resources. A medium-size (10000 neurons) module would require at least 10 J per l of brain, based on a calculated cost of an isolated action potential (AP) of 10(11)-10(12) molecules of ATP per cm(2) of cell membrane, with an absolute minimum of 10(6) ATP at a node of Ranvier. The figure matches the cost of depolarizing the unmyelinated axon of the large monopolar cell in the blowfl…